T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Zongyuan Zoe Liu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
G\u00f3i k\u00edch th\u00edch m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 9, sau nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n, n\u1edbi l\u1ecfng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, t\u00e1i c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 sau k\u1ef3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u1edf M\u1ef9, sau cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c (t\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c) v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 11, nh\u01b0ng Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh Li\u00eau M\u1eabn \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u201cquy m\u00f4 kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn.\u201d B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, B\u1eafc Kinh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb l\u00e2u: n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang g\u1eb7p r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i l\u1edbn. \u201cTrung Hoa m\u1ed9ng\u201d \u2013 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i quy m\u00f4 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2035 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng \u2013 \u0111ang d\u1ea7n tan bi\u1ebfn. Nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u00edch m\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc y\u1ebfu, do ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng thi\u1ebfu ni\u1ec1m tin. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i chi ti\u00eau, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u00edch tr\u1eef ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t, t\u1ea1o ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 th\u1eeba ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c: t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 th\u1eeba c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn<\/a> tr\u00ean Foreign Affairs<\/em> h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 8, c\u1ea7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi d\u01b0 th\u1eeba c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p di\u1ec7t vong kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ra \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7. Gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 g\u00f3i k\u00edch th\u00edch m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch k\u00edch th\u00edch, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd v\u1eabn \u0111ang b\u00e1m v\u00e0o s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng ni\u1ec1m tin, b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb n\u1ed7i lo c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u0103m 2017, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m T\u1eadp b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 th\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u1edbi thu nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i sau m\u1ed7i t\u00e1m n\u0103m. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ebb, nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 qua r\u1ed3i. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024, thu nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng 50% k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2017 \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u0103ng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 thu nh\u1eadp t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 15 n\u0103m. S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m n\u00e0y b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kinh t\u1ebf sang m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y th\u1eddi gian, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p lo\u1ea1i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ea5p h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n NH\u1eeeNG KH\u00d3 KH\u0102N KH\u00d4NG \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C GI\u1ea2I QUY\u1ebeT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u00edch g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1eb1m kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u00f2ng tin trong gi\u1edbi tinh hoa kinh doanh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c (PBOC) \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u1edbi l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef Li\u00ean bang M\u1ef9, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n lan t\u1ecfa kh\u1eafp n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u00f3i chung. PBOC \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1m thanh kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00e1 cho c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh r\u1ee7i ro nh\u01b0 c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu, tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu doanh nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 qu\u1ef9 giao d\u1ecbch tr\u00ean s\u00e0n. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 70 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la do ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, trong \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u2013 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c gia\u201d \u2013 mua c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00fang l\u1ea5y tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng; v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c gia quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 mua t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00e1. PBOC t\u1eebng tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015 nh\u1eb1m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n sau khi gi\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n 40% ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 42 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ni\u00eam y\u1ebft c\u00f4ng khai, theo \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 mua l\u1ea1i c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n \u2013 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n c\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c gi\u00fap t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cho c\u00e1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c Trung Qu\u1ed1c hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 m\u1edbi tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n; k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 9, gi\u00e1 c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 25%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c n\u1edbi l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo ki\u1ec3u Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a PBOC kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi vay t\u00e1i c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n kho\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m n\u1eeda ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y trong l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t cho vay th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p chu\u1ea9n. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd gi\u00fap kho\u1ea3ng 50 tri\u1ec7u h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 21 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la m\u1ed7i n\u0103m nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 mua ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 th\u1ee9 hai, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e0 t\u1ed3n kh\u1ecfi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o cho gi\u00e1 nh\u00e0. X\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 \u1edf chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 70% t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 75% n\u1ee3 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o nh\u1eb1m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i k\u1ebf to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ee9c s\u00e0n cho gi\u00e1 nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n do d\u1ef1 khi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do kinh nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh khi ra hi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1eeb T\u1eadp. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u00edch h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i an sinh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n CON \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG C\u1ee6A NH\u00c0 L\u00c3NH \u0110\u1ea0O T\u1ed0I CAO<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201czero COVID\u201d v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2022, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn kinh t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1t ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t, b\u1edfi \u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u201cr\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1i b\u1eaby c\u1ee7a \u2018ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i\u2019, chuy\u00ean nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng.\u201d Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u sai l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp l\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u00fay, v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o h\u01a1n l\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c c\u00e1nh sinh. \u00d4ng mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u201cth\u1ebf k\u1ef7 nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3\u201d c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2013 \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 d\u00e0i m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb cho l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u2013 l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda sau. Theo \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 5% v\u00e0 g\u00f3i k\u00edch th\u00edch m\u00e0 h\u1ecd v\u1eeba c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i k\u00edch th\u00edch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ee9c mua t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, theo \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u00edt ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n cho tham v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp \u2013 v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng chung c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn g\u00f3i k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o l\u1eddi l\u1ebd hoa m\u1ef9, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp l\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ef1 cung t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00e1 c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng sang c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c cho l\u00e0 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap h\u1ecd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua M\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u201cto\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c\u201d d\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n l\u1edbn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 m\u00e1y bay. Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i k\u00edch th\u00edch th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u1ea7m k\u00edn: t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong n\u1ed9i dung chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a g\u00f3i k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u00fd do n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c n\u1edbi l\u1ecfng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Quy m\u00f4 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1t ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c. B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 cam k\u1ebft h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ee3, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n cho nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng chi ph\u00ed cao \u0111ang \u0111\u00e8 n\u1eb7ng l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean eo h\u1eb9p do doanh thu t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m v\u00ec th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n suy tho\u00e1i, chi ph\u00ed y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch, v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u0103ng cao li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 gi\u00e0 h\u00f3a. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch th\u00edch chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu B\u1eafc Kinh theo \u0111u\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c thanh to\u00e1n ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ecf qua ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ec1n sang h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c. Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trung \u01b0\u01a1ng sang c\u00e1c kho b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 sai, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 b\u1ecb bi\u1ec3n th\u1ee7 tr\u1eafng tr\u1ee3n, do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u00edch. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t s\u00e1t sao, c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt t\u1eeb v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb r\u1ec9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed8T TR\u00d2 CH\u01a0I KH\u00c1C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00f3i k\u00edch th\u00edch g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh: th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e0 \u1edf \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao, v\u00e0 GDP t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 5% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u00e2u xa h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh chi ti\u00eau nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u2013 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 thu nh\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u2013 v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u00edch m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea3ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a t\u1eeb b\u1ecf vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed1t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1eabn cam k\u1ebft th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng thu nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u00edch g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng kinh t\u1ebf d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n phong t\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn nay, t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n kinh t\u1ebf dai d\u1eb3ng \u2013 m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong b\u1ed1n th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u0103m 1981, h\u01a1n 90% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ed1ng trong c\u1ea3nh ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ng\u00e0y nay, h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung l\u01b0u, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung l\u01b0u Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n l\u00fac n\u00e0y. C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u1ee5t h\u1eadu so v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ed3ng trang l\u1ee9a ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i du h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng xa v\u1eddi h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh lo s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y mai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n h\u00f4m nay \u2013 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec l\u00fd do th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, m\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb m\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111ang c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a thanh ni\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 17%. C\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1n ch\u00f9a \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt h\u01a1n 300% v\u00e0o n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, cho th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p m\u00ea t\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u may cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o l\u1ec5 v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c b\u00f9a h\u1ed9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 ch\u00f9a, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng chung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n M\u1ef9 ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung l\u01b0u b\u1ea5t an, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o cam k\u1ebft x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp s\u00e1t v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u2013 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed7i tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. D\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng khi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf l\u00ean B\u1eafc Kinh. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t h\u1ea7u bao v\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m \u00e2m th\u1ea7m nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u1ea5u \u0111i, T\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t xoay tr\u1ee5c, hy v\u1ecdng xoa d\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Trong l\u00fac theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn B\u1eafc Kinh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i kinh t\u1ebf ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Washington c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a quan h\u1ec7 M\u1ef9-Trung trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n –<\/p>\n\n\n\n Zongyuan Zoe Liu l\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Quan h\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cSovereign Funds: How the Communist Party of China Finances Its Global Ambitions.\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ngu\u1ed3n:<\/strong>\u00a0Zongyuan Zoe Liu, \u201cWhy China Won\u2019t Give Up on a Failing Economic Model<\/a>,\u201d\u00a0Foreign Affairs,<\/em>\u00a031\/10\/2024<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch:\u00a0Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Ph\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n