T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Mariana Mazzucato v\u00e0 Rainer Kattel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh (Mission-Driven Government), d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung, l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111i theo m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u1eeb l\u00e2u.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n LONDON \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19, l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn. Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eafc xin COVID-19 nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 h\u01a1n trong “ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh”. Nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh chinh ph\u1ee5c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c c\u00f4ng-t\u01b0 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh<\/a> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 n\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t “n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh<\/a> (mission economy)\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3; m\u00e0 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1eadp ch\u1eefng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng sao c\u1ea3. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed trong m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 do, nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u1eed tri \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m r\u1eb1ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 n\u00f3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng qua v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh ng\u00e0y nay v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chinh ph\u1ee5c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 (d\u00f9 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng g\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Roosevelt trong Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn M\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930). Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh l\u00ean M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 (trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i), v\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chung, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1ch m\u1ed7i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00ean gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3. Thay v\u00ec c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ng\u00e0y nay s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ec v\u1eady, th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng do c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch to\u00e0n n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh trong khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 (v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 n\u00ean) h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 GDP, hay l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n? C\u00e1i sau s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh, v\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. Nh\u01b0ng khi ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh hy v\u1ecdng t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng trong nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau duy nh\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng lan t\u1ecfa v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o ra t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c qua l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng: c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, vay v\u1ed1n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u khu v\u1ef1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 t\u00ednh bao tr\u00f9m v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng).<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt CHIPS v\u00e0 Khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t vi m\u1ea1ch nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn (thay v\u00ec mua l\u1ea1i c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd) v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 kinh doanh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng GDP nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tham v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. C\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 suy ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch. \u0110\u00fang v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Gantt (qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n), v\u00e0 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng thu h\u00fat ai c\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra lo\u1ea1i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta mong mu\u1ed1n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n nghe th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 vi\u1ec3n v\u00f4ng \u2013 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea c\u00e1c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n vi\u00ean t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Khi ch\u00fang ta c\u00e0ng \u00edt tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00e0ng \u00edt \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u2014 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean b\u1ed9 \u2014 nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 thi. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng. M\u1ed9t l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch C\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng UCL l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a “l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi” v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eeb Australia v\u00e0 Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Brazil, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111ang th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi: th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c can thi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2 m\u1edbi cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 bao tr\u00f9m, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn m\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i theo m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n