{"id":601,"date":"2024-10-18T05:11:03","date_gmt":"2024-10-18T05:11:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phongtraoduytan.com\/?p=601"},"modified":"2024-10-18T05:11:03","modified_gmt":"2024-10-18T05:11:03","slug":"lich-su-da-tung-noi-cho-ta-biet-ve-ai-roi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/?p=601","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng n\u00f3i cho ta bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 AI r\u1ed3i"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Daron Acemogly v\u00e0 Simon Johnson<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Ricardo, m\u1ed9t trong nh<\/em>\u1eef<\/em>ng ng<\/em>\u01b0\u1edd<\/em>i s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t hay l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u. \u00d4ng nh\u1eadn th<\/em>\u1ee9<\/em>c \u0111<\/em>\u01b0\u1ee3<\/em>c vi\u1ec7c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c t\u1ea1o ra hay x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta tri\u1ec3n khai m\u00e1y m\u00f3c nh<\/em>\u01b0<\/em> th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 ai l\u00e0 ng<\/em>\u01b0\u1edd<\/em>i \u0111<\/em>\u01b0<\/em>a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h<\/em>\u01a1<\/em>n bao gi<\/em>\u1edd<\/em> h\u1ebft.
<\/em>
BOSTON \u2013 Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI) v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y t\u1eeb t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a David Ricardo, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Anh. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf s\u00f3t, mang \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5 \u00edch cho ch\u00fang ta ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n v\u1edbi ta v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd \u00edt c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111i, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt, th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea3nh r\u1ed7i c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 n\u00ean tin h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng? Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd coi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. X\u00e9t cho c\u00f9ng th\u00ec, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111ang d\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1817, “Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf kh\u00f3a\u201d, Ricardo c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t b\u00f4ng. Theo quan ni\u1ec7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, \u00f4ng t\u1eebng n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng \u201cm\u00e1y m\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111i nhu c\u1ea7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1770, s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i b\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ee3i b\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ec7t s\u1ee3i b\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n. V\u00e0 do ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng tay tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1810, vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn trong nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap bi\u1ebfn d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i tay th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp cao, gi\u00fap h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng Anh c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m (bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec7t b\u00f4ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p). Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn Ricardo c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1c quan nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ngay t\u1eeb ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u1edf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i. Ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u1edf trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t b\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 d\u1ec7t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u1ed3i l\u00e0m \u1edf nh\u00e0 5 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd h\u01a1n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh, Ricardo \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong l\u1ea7n \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1821, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u201cV\u1ec1 M\u00e1y m\u00f3c,\u201d m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng: \u201cN\u1ebfu m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang l\u00e0m, th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nhu c\u1ea7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eefa.\u201d \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi AI ng\u00e0y nay. Vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y h\u1ecd l\u00e0m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tin t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, tr\u1eeb khi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1810 v\u00e0 1820, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n d\u1ec7t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 \u0111ang g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111i l\u00e0m \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t m\u1edbi, b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Trong khi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 d\u1ec7t, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c d\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ee7 nhu c\u1ea7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c. N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Anh n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao m\u1edbi, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1830. V\u1edbi \u00edt l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c trong tay, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 d\u1ec7t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, ngay c\u1ea3 khi l\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 then ch\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 Ricardo t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng nh\u1ecf trong “nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef” do ch\u1ee7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 d\u1ec7t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 d\u1ec7t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng doanh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 mua s\u1ee3i b\u00f4ng r\u1ed3i b\u00e1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd h\u01a1n, k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 l\u1ea1i \u00edt h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (\u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ho\u00e0ng kim c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng). Trong c\u00e1c l\u1eddi khai thu th\u1eadp b\u1edfi v\u00e0i \u1ee6y ban Ho\u00e0ng gia, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 d\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 cay \u0111\u1eafng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi h\u1ecd b\u1ecb \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c (do thi\u1ebfu l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c) l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin h\u01a1n, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111a n\u0103ng h\u01a1n. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may l\u00e0, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch Power and Progress, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai AI ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a (thay th\u1ebf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi) h\u01a1n l\u00e0  \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (l\u00e0m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c: nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc “t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi sau” n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u01a1n n\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn th\u00f4ng tin trong n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, s\u1ebd l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i bao nhi\u00eau quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 trong tay \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean AI. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0 Ricardo \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta, l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn chung v\u1ec1 AI. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bcu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea5u. Cho d\u00f9 ch\u00fang x\u00f3a b\u1ecf hay t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 ai s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00f3. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ricardo, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ebft m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng m\u1ecdi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. AI th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 khi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ricardo v\u1eady, s\u1ebd th\u1eadt ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 n\u1ebfu ta tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p \u0111o\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf Anh trong cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daron Acemogly and Simon Johnson, “History Already Tells Us the Future of AI<\/a>“, Project Syndicate<\/em>, 23\/4\/2024<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Phong tr\u00e0o Duy T\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

David Ricardo, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t hay l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u. \u00d4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c t\u1ea1o ra hay x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta tri\u1ec3n khai m\u00e1y m\u00f3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,5,15],"tags":[57,140],"class_list":["post-601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chinh-tri","category-cong-nghe","category-the-gioi","tag-daron-acemoglu","tag-simon-johnson"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/601","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=601"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/601\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=601"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=601"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=601"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}