{"id":516,"date":"2024-10-10T21:47:46","date_gmt":"2024-10-10T21:47:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phongtraoduytan.com\/?p=516"},"modified":"2024-10-10T21:47:46","modified_gmt":"2024-10-10T21:47:46","slug":"cach-de-chien-thang-trong-cuoc-canh-tranh-kinh-te-cong-nghe-voi-trung-quoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/?p=516","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea1nh tranh kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Robert Atkinson<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5. N\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, th\u00ec m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecd gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf Washington l\u00e0 trong khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, M\u1ef9 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi do quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m, s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh th\u1ea5p, khi\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u0111ang suy gi\u1ea3m. M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Foreign Affairs t\u00f3m t\u1eaft quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn: \u201cM\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m an \u1ee7i n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u201cph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi\u201d c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi xin l\u1ed7i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong hai th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, tin r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf so s\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i Ricardian (ch\u00fa th\u00edch: l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf so s\u00e1nh Ricardo n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng chung cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi? K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt. H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Boeing, Intel, Micron, Google, Ford, GM, Merck, Lilly, Cisco, Caterpillar, Dupont v\u00e0 Dow v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. Th\u1ef1c ra th\u00ec, n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n Lucent n\u1eefa. GE v\u00e0 IBM gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1eafng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ef1 cung t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, s\u1ebd k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t ngu\u1ed3n cung h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u1edbi m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh trong v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 t\u1edbi, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1ecb suy y\u1ebfu tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng. H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng chi ti\u00eau qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u1ebfu B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i mua h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t thay v\u00ec t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ee5t l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda sau, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia OECD s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady, Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o? Qu\u1ef9 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u00e9o d\u00e0i hai m\u01b0\u01a1i th\u00e1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Trung Qu\u1ed1c. N\u00f3i chung, h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn t\u1ee5t l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda sau so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd \u0111ang b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c (CCP), r\u1ea5t \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Trong m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u, Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi pin. H\u1ecd g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c robot, m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd c\u00f2n t\u1ee5t l\u1ea1i trong h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi m\u1ea1ch. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf t\u00e1m trong s\u1ed1 m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhanh, v\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c vi m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3ng Marx-Lenin ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 do h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c gi\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u201ccon h\u1ed5 ch\u00e2u \u00c1” (H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Singapore v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Loan) c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con h\u1ed5; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con r\u1ed3ng phun l\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1ecf qua ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. Trung Qu\u1ed1c coi kinh t\u1ebf, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. Nh\u01b0 T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, \u201c\u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea1nh tranh cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00fang l\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang r\u01a1i v\u00e0o chu k\u1ef3 suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf M\u1ef9. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao v\u1ecb th\u1ebf tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh. Nh\u1edd chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u00f3a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng c\u1ee5m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng, mang l\u1ea1i cho h\u1ecd l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi \u00edt r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eb1m t\u1eadp trung c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i ch\u00ednh. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi M\u1ef9, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch Trung Qu\u1ed1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch. Trong khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 thu\u1ebf, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do, Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch M\u1ef9 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qua m\u1ed9t l\u0103ng k\u00ednh duy nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u00ec t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu M\u1ef9 mu\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1ng hai, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac “ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n” v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do t\u00e2n t\u1ef1 do \u1edf b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i xanh \u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00e1i. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n sao ch\u00e9p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn “ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u1ed1c gia”: \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ea1nh tranh trong m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u1ed5ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7-kinh t\u1ebf. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, n\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. M\u1ef9 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m sinh h\u1ecdc, vi m\u1ea1ch, h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, lu\u1eadt ho\u00e1 cho m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf 25% k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong 7 n\u0103m cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1ed1n, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1edfi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m, M\u1ef9 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n m\u00ecnh. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. N\u1ebfu M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn “ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u1ed1c gia,” h\u1ecd s\u1ebd s\u1edbm ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y thua trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y s\u1ebd suy y\u1ebfu, v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai \u1edf M\u1ef9 n\u00ean mong mu\u1ed1n cho con c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

—–<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Robert Atkinson l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Qu\u1ef9 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. \u00d4ng t\u1eebng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng C\u1ea1nh tranh Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u M\u1ef9 (ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Biden), tham gia \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o G7 (ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Trump), v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Nh\u00f3m Chuy\u00ean gia Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi Trung-M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng (ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Obama). \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed1n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t, “N\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m: 40 M\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 Quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0, AI v\u00e0 Kinh t\u1ebf \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0y nay.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Robert Atkinson, \u201cHow to Win Techno-Economic Competition with China<\/a>\u201d, The National Interest<\/em>, 8\/10\/2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Phong tr\u00e0o Duy T\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,25,9,11,15,18],"tags":[137],"class_list":["post-516","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chinh-tri","category-hoa-ky","category-kinh-te","category-quan-he-hoa-ky-trung-quoc","category-the-gioi","category-trung-quoc","tag-robert-atkinson"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/516","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=516"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/516\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=516"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=516"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}