{"id":497,"date":"2024-10-07T02:43:28","date_gmt":"2024-10-07T02:43:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phongtraoduytan.com\/?p=497"},"modified":"2024-10-07T02:43:28","modified_gmt":"2024-10-07T02:43:28","slug":"nghich-ly-kinh-te-cua-trung-quoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/?p=497","title":{"rendered":"Ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Yuen Yuen Ang<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi<\/em>\u1eefa b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n<\/em>\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph<\/em>\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh \u0111ang t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr<\/em>\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c sang h<\/em>\u01b0\u1edbng d<\/em>\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Tuy nhi\u00ean, thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1n v<\/em>\u1eefng, chi\u1ebfn l<\/em>\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng l<\/em>\u1ef1c r\u1ee7i ro, trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 trong khi ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111ang ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

WASHINGTON, DC<\/strong> \u2013 C\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t vi\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng coi Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang \u0111i l\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u1edd v\u1ef1c th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia mong manh b\u00ean b\u1edd v\u1ef1c s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. Nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o kinh t\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c: m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 song song v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb do Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh ban h\u00e0nh cho h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 huy, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 l\u1ec7nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, logic c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i m\u00e0 t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, trong khi b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y quan li\u00eau r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u2013 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c Trung Qu\u1ed1c r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u201cph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi\u201d (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao). N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng T\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t m\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi n\u00f3. \u00d4ng ta th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, coi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tay sai tham nh\u0169ng m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf t\u00f9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed3i sinh n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169: th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n nay. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n ngay sau \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7n nay, s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ni\u1ec1m tin m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 thu nh\u1eadp, khi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c sa th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1eadp \u01b0u \u00e1i, nh\u01b0 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n (EV) v\u00e0 pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 t\u00f4i cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng sau khi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tham v\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf m\u1edbi \u2013 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u2013 c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed5i ph\u1ed3ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf r\u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p xe \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh: Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 450 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00f4 t\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi 20% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u00f4ng l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 BYD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trung \u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ecdi chi\u00eau tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1ed1n m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00fat t\u00e0i n\u0103ng khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u00e2u \u00c1. \u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 2,400 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021, trong khi Hoa K\u1ef3 tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m r\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y quan li\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u201c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u201cchi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch t\u1ed5 ong\u201d) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho th\u1ea5y, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u00e1n C\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t trong n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch \u2013 nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Li\u00ean minh Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ec1u quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ecfi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao. R\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c, m\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec1u mong mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169 v\u00e0 m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i g\u1eafn b\u00f3 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1edbi nhau; n\u1ebfu n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169 suy y\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 nhanh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e3 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi ti\u00eau. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n (EV), l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u00e1n ph\u00e1 gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 do s\u1ef1 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169 trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n do vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 r\u00f4-b\u1ed1t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i, n\u01a1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i, c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n sang n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi an sinh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc th\u00eam s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh sang c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa l\u00fac suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Khi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7 kinh t\u1ebf k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng l\u00fac th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eabn d\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i mang t\u00ednh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, T\u1eadp c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n k\u00e9m h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169 v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1ed1n l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ed1n v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1eddi bi\u1ec7n minh v\u1ec1 \u201c\u0111\u1ec9nh cao Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c ghi nh\u1eadn qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m kh\u01a1i g\u1ee3i n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, c\u00e1i m\u00e0 M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 Ryan Hass \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e0m leo thang m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch l\u1eabn nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 \u0111ang suy gi\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng. Trong khi t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP \u0111ang ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf xanh, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao, v\u00e0 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 kinh t\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng th\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t chi ti\u00eau, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u1eabu v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb th\u1ed5i ph\u1ed3ng. N\u1ebfu l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u1edf c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yuen Yuen Ang, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Kinh t\u1ebf Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Johns Hopkins, l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch How China Escaped the Poverty Trap<\/em> (Cornell University Press, 2016) v\u00e0 China\u2019s Gilded Age<\/em> (Cambridge University Press, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Yuen Yuen Ang, \u201cChina\u00b4s Economic Paradox<\/a>\u201d, Project Syndicate<\/em>, 4\/9\/2024<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Phong tr\u00e0o Duy T\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1eefa b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh \u0111ang t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c sang h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,18],"tags":[164],"class_list":["post-497","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kinh-te","category-trung-quoc","tag-yuen-yuen-ang"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/497","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=497"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/497\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=497"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=497"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=497"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}