{"id":341,"date":"2024-09-14T04:34:41","date_gmt":"2024-09-14T04:34:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phongtraoduytan.com\/?p=341"},"modified":"2024-09-14T04:34:41","modified_gmt":"2024-09-14T04:34:41","slug":"reagan-da-khong-thang-trong-chien-tranh-lanh-nhu-nhieu-nguoi-nghi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/?p=341","title":{"rendered":"Reagan \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eafng trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Max Boot<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4\u00a0\u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111i ch\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng\u00a0trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a l\u1eadp ra chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd xem c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Ronald Reagan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 noi theo. H. R. McMaster, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Donald Trump, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201cReagan c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea1nh tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Reagan \u2013 g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u01b0 duy chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh h\u1ed3i k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh cho Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ba chuy\u00ean gia ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 \u2013 Randy Schriver, Dan Blumenthal, v\u00e0 Josh Young \u2013 c\u0169ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp theo \u201cn\u00ean d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1u T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Ronald Reagan,\u201d tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u201c\u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Li\u00ean X\u00f4\u201d \u0111\u00e3 \u201cth\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n\u201d trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia th\u1eddi Reagan. Tr\u00ean t\u1edd Foreign Affairs<\/em>, c\u1ef1u ph\u00f3 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a Trump l\u00e0 Matt Pottinger v\u00e0 c\u1ef1u h\u1ea1 ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Mike Gallagher \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn Reagan nh\u1eb1m l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201cM\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c; m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng d\u00e0nh t\u1eadn 10 n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Reagan \u2013 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i xoay quanh v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 40 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Reagan \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 \u201c\u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef\u201d (evil empire) v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb ph\u00eda \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap M\u1ef9 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf,  Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh\u201d c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Li\u00ean X\u00f4 Mikhail Gorbachev \u2013 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 hai h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng (s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd). Reagan x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng lao v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng Gorbachev l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 40 n\u0103m trong h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng Reagan kh\u00f4ng kh\u01a1i d\u1eady nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Gorbachev, c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c \u0111i s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

REAGAN TH\u1ef0C S\u1ef0 \u0110\u00c3 L\u00c0M G\u00cc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1eb1ng Reagan \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1 b\u1ec7 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh, b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh Reagan \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u0169ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Richard V. Allen, c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Reagan, \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa \u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1ecb c\u1ef1u th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c California v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1977, khi \u00f4ng \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u0103m 1980 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u201cAnh c\u00f3 phi\u1ec1n n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i n\u00f3i cho anh bi\u1ebft l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng?\u201d Reagan h\u1ecfi. \u201cL\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1eafng, h\u1ecd thua. Anh ngh\u0129 sao v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c, Reagan \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng chi ti\u00eau qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u2013 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 cho tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ee3t t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed M\u1ef9 \u2013 v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn Ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u201cl\u00e1 ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng gian\u201d ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u00ean l\u1eeda h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. \u00d4ng cung c\u1ea5p v\u0169 kh\u00ed cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng \u1edf Afghanistan, Angola, v\u00e0 Nicaragua, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt, phi s\u00e1t th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho phong tr\u00e0o \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft \u1edf Ba Lan. Reagan th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. N\u0103m 1982, \u00f4ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng \u201ccu\u1ed9c di\u1ec5u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d s\u1ebd \u201c\u0111\u01b0a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx-Lenin v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1ng tro t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.\u201d Trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u0103m 1983, \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i \u00e1c trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c nh\u1ea5t cho th\u1ea5y Reagan \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay \u2013 l\u00e0 hai ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i m\u1eadt, do c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a Reagan, William Clark, ban h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1982 v\u00e0 1983. Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 32 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi M\u1ef9 \u201cng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a phi\u00eau l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4\u201d b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u201cbu\u1ed9c Li\u00ean X\u00f4 ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 do h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng minh.\u201d Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 75 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u00eam v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u \u201cth\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y, trong ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111a nguy\u00ean h\u01a1n, trong \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp tinh hoa c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong hai ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb 32 v\u00e0 75 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n mang t\u00ednh th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec5n ra ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Clark, Paul Kengor v\u00e0 Patricia Clark Doerner, \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

XUNG \u0110\u1ed8T B\u00caN TRONG<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0y. \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd mu\u1ed1n nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \u2018ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9,\u2019 nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c,\u201d B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ngo\u1ea1i giao c\u1ee7a Reagan, George Shultz, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i. \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 chung \u2018h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn c\u1ee7a Reagan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1ee9c tranh. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Reagan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn hay l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u gi\u1eefa hai c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn di\u1ec1u h\u00e2u v\u00e0 b\u1ed3 c\u00e2u, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean xung \u0111\u1ed9t m\u00e0 \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn nh\u01b0 Clark, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng Caspar Weinberger, v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c CIA William Casey, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 Shultz v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia Robert McFarlane, Frank Carlucci, v\u00e0 Colin Powell.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4, Reagan li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb gi\u1eb1ng x\u00e9 gi\u1eefa hai h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ed7i th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb1ng sau B\u1ee9c m\u00e0n S\u1eaft: sau cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea3m x\u00fac t\u1ea1i Ph\u00f2ng B\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 28\/05\/1981, v\u1edbi Yosef Mendelevich, m\u1ed9t t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3, v\u00e0 Avital Sharansky, v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn Li\u00ean X\u00f4 b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m t\u00f9 Natan Sharansky, Reagan \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft trong nh\u1eadt k\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u201cL\u0169 qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u1ed1n khi\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3. [Sharansky] \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee5t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 45kg v\u00e0 \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t cho anh ta v\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m v\u1eady.\u201d M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng ma h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u1ebfu cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eefa M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. M\u1ed1i nguy n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Reagan nh\u1eadn ra trong m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, c\u00f3 m\u1eadt danh l\u00e0 Ivy League, di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 01\/03\/1982. Trong l\u00fac Reagan theo d\u00f5i t\u1eeb Ph\u00f2ng T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 d\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4. \u201c\u00d4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn v\u1edbi v\u1ebb s\u1eedng s\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tin n\u1ed5i,\u201d nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng An ninh Qu\u1ed1c gia Tom Reed k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i. \u201cTrong v\u00f2ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Reagan \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n\u2026 \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e1ng suy ng\u1eabm.\u201d Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Reagan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 k\u00e9m nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 \u00f4ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn. D\u00f9 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y \u00f4ng nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 Reagan cho r\u1eb1ng Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb 32 v\u00e0 75 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfn tranh kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Li\u00ean X\u00f4, Reagan l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf l\u00ean Moscow. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1981, \u00f4ng d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c m\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Jimmy Carter \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Afghanistan c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4. Khi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Li\u00ean X\u00f4 h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft qu\u00e2n lu\u1eadt \u1edf Ba Lan v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12\/1981, Reagan \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t Siberia \u0111\u1ebfn T\u00e2y \u00c2u, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf ch\u00fang v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m sau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Phe di\u1ec1u h\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng khi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 n\u00e0o. Vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean t\u1edd New York Times<\/em> v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5\/1982, bi\u00ean t\u1eadp vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn, Norman Podhoretz, \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau ra s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cN\u1ed7i \u0111au c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u00e2n b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Reagan.\u201d Podhoretz ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Reagan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft qu\u00e2n lu\u1eadt \u1edf Ba Lan th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Carter \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Afghanistan n\u0103m 1979: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng Carter \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u1ea9y chay Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Moscow, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a Reagan l\u00e0 g\u00ec.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kinh ho\u00e0ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Reagan \u0111ang b\u00ed m\u1eadt li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi \u0110i\u1ec7n Kremlin v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4\/1981, Reagan \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 tay \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m cho nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Li\u00ean X\u00f4 Leonid Brezhnev b\u00e0y t\u1ecf mong mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u201cm\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 chung l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i,\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3\/1983, hai ng\u00e0y sau khi g\u1ecdi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef,\u201d t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u1edbi Shultz r\u1eb1ng h\u00e3y duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 Li\u00ean X\u00f4, Anatoly Dobrynin. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, Reagan \u0111\u00e3 hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Li\u00ean X\u00f4 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 than th\u1edf su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u201cc\u1ee9 ch\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh l\u1eddi khen cho Reagan v\u00ec m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, m\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Li\u00ean X\u00f4 b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i: \u201cTrong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo c\u00e1ch h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, Moscow l\u1ea1i xem c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh x\u1eed nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gian d\u1ed1i v\u00e0 th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd,\u201d Dobrynin vi\u1ebft trong h\u1ed3i k\u00fd n\u0103m 1995 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1983, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng leo thang \u2013 bao g\u1ed3m v\u1ee5 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 b\u1eafn h\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, v\u1ee5 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o sai v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 ph\u00f3ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a NATO (c\u00f3 m\u1eadt danh l\u00e0 Able Archer) m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quan ch\u1ee9c Li\u00ean X\u00f4 xem l\u00e0 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u0103ng l\u00ean m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng T\u00ean l\u1eeda Cuba n\u0103m 1962. Khi nh\u1eadn ra nguy c\u01a1 Ng\u00e0y T\u1eadn th\u1ebf l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c, Reagan \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 hi\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1\/1984, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m chung gi\u1eefa hai c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u201cIvan v\u00e0 Anya\u201d v\u00e0 hai c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u201cJim v\u00e0 Sally,\u201d \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0110i\u1ec7n Kremlin \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cc\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cgi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0169 trang.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 Reagan kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c cho h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3: trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Li\u00ean X\u00f4 li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u00e3o th\u00e0nh theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn, g\u1ed3m Leonid Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov, v\u00e0 Konstantin Chernenko. Ch\u1ec9 sau khi Chernenko qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3\/1985, Reagan m\u1edbi t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Li\u00ean X\u00f4 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 Gorbachev, m\u1ed9t \u201cthi\u00ean nga \u0111en\u201d th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t n\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef0 S\u1ee4P \u0110\u1ed4 B\u1ea4T NG\u1edc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng Ronald Reagan \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1 b\u1ec7 \u201c\u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef\u201d th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Gorbachev nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t, cho r\u1eb1ng T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m t\u1ed5ng b\u00ed th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Li\u00ean X\u00f4. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0, v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1985, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ai \u2013 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Gorbachev \u2013 bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb bi\u1ebft, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ecdn \u00f4ng. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Li\u00ean X\u00f4, hay quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd, bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gorbachev kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng X\u00f4-vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Reagan. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. \u00d4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng kinh ho\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 chi cho t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p-qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh 20% GDP v\u00e0 40% ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng do Reagan g\u00e2y ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn Li\u00ean X\u00f4 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Gorbachev. Nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Chris Miller \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn, \u201cKhi Gorbachev tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ed5ng b\u00ed th\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1985, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111ang l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd k\u00e9m, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng.\u201d Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t qua th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 Stalin, n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n phi Stalin h\u00f3a, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t qua t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7 v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n, g\u1ed3m Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Cuba, Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Reagan nh\u1eb1m chi ti\u00eau nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn do Gorbachev th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u2013 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 glasnost<\/em> (c\u00f4ng khai h\u00f3a) v\u00e0 perestroika<\/em> (c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf) \u2013 b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 h\u01a1n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 \u00f4ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991. Li\u00ean X\u00f4 tan r\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf, m\u00e0 v\u00ec Gorbachev th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i duy tr\u00ec n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u00ean n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1985, th\u00ec Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 B\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng Berlin v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khu phi qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1eabn chia c\u1eaft Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean v\u1edbi H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay. D\u00f9 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Gorbachev, Reagan x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t t\u00ean c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t l\u1eeba g\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reagan v\u00e0 Gorbachev h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch. H\u1ecd xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn Ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 Reagan y\u00eau th\u00edch. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f9i t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, hai nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o sau c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eb1m x\u00f3a b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n T\u1ea7m trung, t\u1ea1i Washington v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1987, v\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1988, gia \u0111\u00ecnh Reagan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn Moscow. Trong chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m, khi hai nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111i d\u1ea1o qua Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ecf, Sam Donaldson c\u1ee7a ABC News<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi Reagan, \u201cNg\u00e0i v\u1eabn ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef ch\u1ee9, ng\u00e0i T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng?\u201d \u201cKh\u00f4ng,\u201d Reagan tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. \u201cT\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean kh\u00e1c.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c1P L\u1ef0C KH\u00d4NG T\u1ea0O N\u00caN H\u00d2A B\u00ccNH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean Li\u00ean X\u00f4 trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Reagan \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn Li\u00ean X\u00f4 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Reagan sang h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Gorbachev trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap t\u00e2n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Li\u00ean X\u00f4 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 l\u1ea1i g\u1ed9p chung nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Reagan v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, theo \u0111\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng sai b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi B\u1eafc Kinh b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd v\u1ef1c th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda n\u0103m 1983, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u00edt c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu, do ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 d\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi gi\u1ea3m. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0 Fareed Zakaria \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra: n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Li\u00ean X\u00f4 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 7,5% GDP to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u1edf th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao, nh\u01b0ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 20% GDP to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i\u201d Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2013 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9 t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 x\u1ea3y ra chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ef9 n\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 hung h\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, trong khi v\u1eabn tham gia \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 chi\u1ebfn tranh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh. Nh\u01b0ng Washington kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y nay v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7m b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 theo khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a Gorbachev. Tr\u1eeb khi k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n xa v\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra, vi\u1ec7c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Reagan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i nguy hi\u1ec3m h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Max Boot l\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p cao v\u1ec1 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u An ninh Qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Quan h\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cReagan: Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 Huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i\u201d (Reagan: His Life and Legend).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n:<\/strong> Max Boot, \u201cReagan Didn\u2019t Win the Cold War<\/a>,\u201d Foreign Affairs,<\/em> 06\/09\/2024<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch:<\/strong> Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Ph\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/a> c\u1ee7a Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a l\u1eadp ra chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd xem c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Ronald Reagan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 noi theo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,11,15],"tags":[48,110,138],"class_list":["post-341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chinh-tri","category-quan-he-hoa-ky-trung-quoc","category-the-gioi","tag-chien-tranh-lanh","tag-max-boot","tag-ronald-reagan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/341","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=341"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/341\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}