(Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 Th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u2013 \u201cV\u00f2ng Kim C\u00f4\u201d \u0110\u1ecba Ch\u00ednh Tr\u1ecb) <\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Stephen Young * v\u00e0\u00a0\u0110inh\u00a0Ho\u00e0ng\u00a0Th\u1eafng **<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u1eaaN NH\u1eacP: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N \u201cB\u00d3NG MA TH\u1ec2 CH\u1ebe\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua, khi b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o hai th\u00e1i c\u1ef1c: ho\u1eb7c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u201cchuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t b\u1edfi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. C\u1ea3 hai c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c th\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa \u201c\u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cd\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean \u2013 trong \u0111\u00f3 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1eabn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng gian kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i theo logic b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Feuilleton ba k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t, c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh qu\u1ed1c gia: c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00f3ng ma th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf\u201d. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2m m\u01b0u b\u00ed \u1ea9n, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c si\u00eau h\u00ecnh. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, l\u1ee3i \u00edch, r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 \u2013 th\u1ee9 v\u1eeba duy tr\u00ec \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u1eeba k\u00ecm h\u00e3m \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i: m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i khai th\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d, n\u01a1i kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edf c\u1eeda nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1eabn t\u1eadp trung. K\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 hai \u2013 ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u2013 s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi: t\u1eeb H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, L\u00ea Du\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o sau \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, h\u1ecd v\u1eeba l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 n\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u201cb\u00f3ng ma\u201d n\u00e0o ngo\u00e0i ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi \u0111am m\u00ea, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. K\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 ba s\u1ebd b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i ra: l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u201cv\u00f2ng kim c\u00f4\u201d \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o do s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1ch n\u00ean. V\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00e0i 1: \u201cB\u00d3NG MA TH\u1ec2 CH\u1ebe\u201d \u2013 VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110ANG \u1ede \u0110\u00c2U? <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sau s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u0169 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng: chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 do. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang \u0111i theo m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 \u201cga cu\u1ed1i\u201d c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Nh\u01b0ng ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m sau, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c quan \u1ea5y. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng \u201clai gh\u00e9p\u201d kh\u00f3 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia, nh\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c: ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ea1nh tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111a nguy\u00ean. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu v\u1eabn d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u0169 \u2013 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i hay d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u2013 ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y. B\u1edfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f4m nay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do theo ngh\u0129a c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac lai gh\u00e9p \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u01a1i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi kinh t\u1ebf, m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ba gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh quen thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y: r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 ba l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t; r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf; v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc lu\u00f4n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung. Trong nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i, ba gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u2013 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u2013 l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh qua c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi quan h\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. \u0110\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch; n\u00f3 tham gia tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ee3i \u00edch. Doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng; nhi\u1ec1u khi ch\u00fang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u2013 n\u01a1i elite c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u201cgia \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng\u201d, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u1eaft x\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng quan h\u1ec7 trung th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch. Tham nh\u0169ng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 sai ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c phi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c song h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd: v\u00ec sao chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ch\u1ed1ng tham nh\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n. Khi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i logic v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eeb 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ta th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1975\u20131986 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a t\u1eadp trung. Sau \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, thu h\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9o theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cg\u1eafn\u201d v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ea3ng tr\u1ecb. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi T\u1ed5ng B\u00ed th\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fa Tr\u1ecdng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed1n n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, v\u1eeba t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. Sau n\u0103m 2024, khi T\u00f4 L\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao nh\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec1u t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t sang m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng chuy\u00ean quy\u1ec1n ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cB\u00f3ng ma th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf\u201d v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c: l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111an xen, n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 m\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u00fd \u1ee9c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. N\u00f3 v\u1eeba b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfi s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, v\u1eeba khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ee7i ro. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t v\u00ec c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u cho th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u1ebfu elite tin r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi trung t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cbao gi\u1edd Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d, m\u00e0 l\u00e0: li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1? V\u00e0 li\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd v\u1eeba l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7? <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai Vi\u1ec7t Nam. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00fang ta se ph\u1ea3i b\u01b0\u1edbc sang b\u00e0i th\u1ee9 hai, n\u01a1i \u201cb\u00f3ng ma\u201d kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u1ea9n d\u1ee5, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecbt… <\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00e0i 2: CON NG\u01af\u1edcI TRONG C\u1ea4U TR\u00daC \u2013 N\u1ea0N NH\u00c2N V\u00c0 T\u00c1C NH\u00c2N <\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu b\u00e0i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u201cb\u00f3ng ma th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf\u201d nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u2013 l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u2013 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3, th\u00ec b\u00e0i n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111i xa h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc: th\u00e1o c\u00e1i v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u1ea5y ra v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng ma n\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh si\u00eau h\u00ecnh n\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c gia. M\u1ecdi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, tham v\u1ecdng, n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ebfn L\u00ea Du\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o sau n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec1u in d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0: nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng; h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1eaby c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac <\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nhu c\u1ea7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh sinh t\u1eed c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh danh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Nh\u01b0ng khi chi\u1ebfn tranh qua \u0111i, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau sinh t\u1ed3n l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb sau 1975, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi di\u1ec5n ra n\u0103m 1986, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u00edch nghi ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u0103n b\u1ea3n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o sau \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u2013 nh\u01b0 N\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1ea1nh, Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1ea5n D\u0169ng, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea5n Sang, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fa Tr\u1ecdng \u2013 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. H\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh trong ch\u00ednh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1ea5y, th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn nh\u1edd logic b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh n\u00f3 theo nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m then ch\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mong mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed1n, l\u00e0m trong s\u1ea1ch b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y, si\u1ebft k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u1eabn d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3, th\u00ec h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd: c\u00e0ng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e0ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; nh\u01b0ng c\u00e0ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh theo logic b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3, n\u00f3 c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 t\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. \u201cT\u1ef1 s\u00e1t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u201d \u2013 n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt <\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u t\u1eebng g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u suy ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Tri\u1ebft: \u201cB\u1ecf \u0110i\u1ec1u 4 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t.\u201d D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m l\u00fd s\u00e2u xa trong elite c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n: c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro sinh t\u1ed3n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb; n\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 m\u1edbi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00fd ch\u00ed hay tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c: Ba Lan, \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c, Estonia kh\u00f4ng \u201ct\u1ef1 s\u00e1t\u201d khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf. S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n ra qua th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, qua t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, qua vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp cho elite c\u0169. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y: n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1eeba l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u1eeba l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 do h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u1ecd b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi trung th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecd <\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng phe ph\u00e1i n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c1p l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i <\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u00a0\u00a0
Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed7i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, m\u1ed7i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, m\u1ed7i chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quy m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 cho \u201cb\u00f3ng ma th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf\u201d nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 si\u00eau h\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh theo logic b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.\u00a0
C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay \u2013 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 T\u00f4 L\u00e2m \u2013 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng minh hay kh\u00f4ng. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a hay ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.\u00a0
Trong m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi elite nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng duy tr\u00ec nguy\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng nguy hi\u1ec3m h\u01a1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.\u00a0
4. Kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i\u00a0
Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 hay quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cv\u00f2ng kim c\u00f4\u201d c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u2013 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m tin, th\u00f3i quen quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean.\u00a0
\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.\u00a0
H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 si\u1ebft k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n m\u1edf c\u1ea1nh tranh.
\u00a0
Bi k\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u00e1c \u00fd. Bi k\u1ecbch n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd.\u00a0
5. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\u00a0
M\u1ed7i th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1eb7t ra: li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, hay nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1edbi?\u00a0
L\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi anh h\u00f9ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i.\u00a0
N\u1ebfu c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nay ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o theo logic b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian. Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9: s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o b\u1ecb k\u00ecm h\u00e3m, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh.\u00a0
Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu elite l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n \u2013 t\u0103ng t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch, t\u00e1ch d\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf kh\u1ecfi m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u2013 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eeba b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u1eeba m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.\u00a0
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng ma n\u00e0o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thay h\u1ecd.\u00a0
Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.\u00a0
B\u00e0i 3:\u00a0V\u01af\u1ee2T QUA \u201cB\u00d3NG MA TH\u1ec2 CH\u1ebe\u201d: C\u1ea2I C\u00c1CH TRONG GI\u1edaI H\u1ea0N QUY\u1ec0N L\u1ef0C\u00a0
\u00a0N\u1ebfu b\u00e0i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201cb\u00f3ng ma th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf\u201d l\u00e0 g\u00ec, v\u00e0 b\u00e0i th\u1ee9 hai ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u1eeba l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1ea5y, th\u00ec b\u00e0i th\u1ee9 ba ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t:\u00a0L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng?\u00a0
\u00a0\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u00a0
1. \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hai c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp\u00a0
Trong nhi\u1ec1u tranh lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u01b0ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia bi\u1ebft bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 duy tr\u00ec \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.\u00a0
\u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi 1986 l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. Khi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp trung bao c\u1ea5p r\u01a1i v\u00e0o kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5; ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi.\u00a0
Nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf kinh t\u1ebf. N\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc:\u00a0c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.\u00a0
C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hay kh\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd k\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh khu v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eb1m \u1edf t\u1ea7ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf: c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.\u00a0
N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng.\u00a0
\u00a02. \u201cRule of law\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u\u00a0
Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u201crule of law\u201d v\u00e0 \u201crule by law\u201d kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u1eebng \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua thi\u1ebft ch\u1ebf c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.\u00a0
M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ee9c th\u00ec. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi:\u00a0
T\u00f2a \u00e1n c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i trong x\u00e9t x\u1eed.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau ch\u00ed minh b\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vai tr\u00f2 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng gian ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.\u00a0\u00a0
Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c thi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c.\u00a0
\u00a0Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra t\u00ednh chu k\u1ef3: si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t \u2013 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u2013 gi\u00e3n l\u1ecfng \u2013 t\u00e1i t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u2013 r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t.\u00a0
C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 chu k\u1ef3 \u1ea5y.\u00a0
3. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf: th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u\u00a0
Kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u cho th\u1ea5y chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. \u1ede Ba Lan, c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn B\u00e0n Tr\u00f2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho elite c\u0169. \u1ede Estonia, c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n ra nhanh nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.\u00a0
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sao ch\u00e9p nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec3m chung l\u00e0: c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c thanh tr\u1eebng.\u00a0
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u2013 n\u01a1i k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n in \u0111\u1eadm trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.\u00a0
4. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i\u00a0
Trong m\u1ecdi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u201ckh\u00f4ng gian an to\u00e0n\u201d cho thay \u0111\u1ed5i.\u00a0
\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh danh: t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh danh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng sang ch\u00ednh danh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh.\u00a0
Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 T\u00f4 L\u00e2m, \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n ba th\u1eadp ni\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc:\u00a0
Kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c s\u00e2u v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea1nh tranh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia t\u0103ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung l\u01b0u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng cao h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i.\u00a0\u00a0
Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec nguy\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c an to\u00e0n ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n r\u1ee7i ro d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.\u00a0
M\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e1m thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\u00a0
5. \u201c\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d\u00a0
M\u1ecdi c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u201c\u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d \u2013 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ee7 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quay l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u0169.\u00a0
\u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lu\u1eadt h\u00f3a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t xung \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u00edch. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Minh b\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a quan ch\u1ee9c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trao quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t h\u01a1n cho ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111i k\u00e8m c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p theo h\u01b0\u1edbng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m can thi\u1ec7p h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh.\u00a0\u00a0
Nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.\u00a0
6. V\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u201cb\u00f3ng ma\u201d\u00a0
\u201cB\u00f3ng ma th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 si\u00eau nhi\u00ean. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a th\u00f3i quen quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, k\u00fd \u1ee9c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1ee3i \u00edch.\u00a0
V\u01b0\u1ee3t qua n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.\u00a0
L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3: t\u1eeb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb bao c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n ra khi elite nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c gia quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u0169.\u00a0
C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i hay kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0: thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba duy tr\u00ec \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u1eeba m\u1edf ra ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng m\u1edbi?\u00a0
\u00a0
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.\u00a0
Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn: t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi \u201cb\u00f3ng ma\u201d.\u00a0
T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u2013 v\u00e0 b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong vi\u1ec7c tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u1ea5y.\u00a0
———————————-\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CH\u00da TH\u00cdCH :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
* M\u1ed9t version t\u00f3m t\u1eaft 3 b\u00e0i n\u00f3i tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng Anh ng\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y :\u00a0https:\/\/www.cauxroundtable.org\/2026\/04\/17\/vietnam-at-a-crossroads-where-next-with-markets-under-public-management\/\u00a0
\u00a0** (Theo BVN)\u00a0https:\/\/boxitvn.blogspot.com\/2026\/04\/viet-nam-truoc-nga-re.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c th\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa \u201c\u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cd\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean \u2013 trong \u0111\u00f3 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1eabn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng gian kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i theo logic b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1181,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[195,19],"tags":[198,183],"class_list":["post-1248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chinh-tri-viet-nam","category-viet-nam","tag-dinh-hoang-thang-2","tag-stephen-young"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1248"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1248\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1249,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1248\/revisions\/1249"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1248"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diendanduytan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}